The ocean is the source of life on earth is the important cradle of the development of human civilization, occupying the 71%. before and after the great geographical discovery of the earth's surface for a long period of time, mainly reflected in the important role of marine fishery resources and provide shipping for coastal residents convenience. In this period, human activity scope, the adverse effect of marine self purification ability to offset human activities. It is generally believed that marine resources are inexhaustible, inexhaustible. However, the development of science and technology has greatly enhanced the ability of human development of the ocean. Since the industrial revolution, with the shipbuilding industry, ocean shipping, ocean fishing and other activities to further Development of human resources more and more from the sea to get, and the competition is disorderly, accumulation of international coordination mechanisms such as the lack of negative factors, resulting in the marine environment and marine biodiversity is facing enormous difficulties. In order to whaling as an example, since human countries began to oceangoing whaling activities, reduced the number of whale whale marine. Already or endangered. 

Rely on the development of more and more modern civilization in the marine environment of good management. From the view of the distribution of human activity, has a range of more than half of the population live within 60 kilometers of the coastal city in the world, a large number of communities located in the coastal zone. Compared with inland, along the Haiti district are generally good economic development, wealthy life. The population is concentrated in the area. The marine food resource supply, the development of marine mineral resources, marine shipping convenience and advantage of international trade based on sea conditions, the coastal areas in the human economic activities play an important role. It is no exaggeration to say that the sustainable development of the ocean is the real human being The key to sustainable development 

Marine reserves rich resources and convenient transportation position to attract a worldwide increase in the development and utilization of marine, marine strategy has become an important part of national strategy. But with the rapid development of global economy, the sea is increasingly facing serious challenges. Such as from land source pollution, especially the coastal city sewage directly into the Ocean transition; fishing, resulting in the decrease of disappear a lot of fish resources and commercial value; ship pollution, marine dumping and sea resources exploitation in the process of pollution, is an important threat to marine ecological hazards. In the course of time, the bearing capacity of the marine environment seriously overloaded, its ability to self recovery It can not counteract the negative impacts of human marine activities; the marine biological resources are seriously shrinking; the marine ecosystem is seriously damaged; even the food chain of marine organisms has been changed 

The continued deterioration of the marine environment prompted countries to adopt new management measures and means to break through the traditional national decentralized management, single resource management, lack of isolated area management. It is in this context, marine protected areas (MarineProtected Areas, referred to as MPAs) as an alternative to the marine environmental management and resource management mode is proposed it will be past single species protection into the habitat protection, in order to change the traditional single thinking, and incorporated into the precautionary principle, ecosystem management, public participation management and new management ideas, make up the defect of past management. 

"Marine protected areas" as an effective maintenance of fishery resources, biodiversity protection and other protection to meet the management tool, the most forward early in the 1962 World Conference on National Park, at the end of twentieth Century has achieved rapid development in theory and practice. But at the same time, outside the scope of the high seas waters under the jurisdiction of the state is facing "the tragedy of the commons" embarrassing situation, all the countries in the ocean and avoid as far as possible the use of basic obligation to protect the marine environment, the marine environmental management international faced intractable dilemma. In view of this, in recent years, the establishment and development of marine protected areas, more and more extended to the high seas, the high seas reserve proposition also Then put forward, the international community began to actively promote the development of the construction practice of the high seas and reserve related legal mechanism. In this process, first, the need for the international community to reach sufficient consensus on the issue of the high seas conservation area, the formation of authoritative definition can be accepted by the international community; secondly, practical cooperation in the establishment and management of the need for the international community on the high seas conservation area the need for innovation and based on the current law of the sea order, will be on the order of the law of the sea caused some impact and remolded marine order. And present the law of the sea as the principle of freedom of the high seas, the principle of common heritage of mankind in harmony, how to carry out more extensive international cooperation To make the high seas reserve can establish and carry out a good trial management is to construct the legal mechanism of protecting the high seas area need to seriously address the problem. Under this background, is undoubtedly worthy of attention and in-depth study on the establishment and development of the legal protection mechanism of the high seas area, to promote the development of international marine environmental management, at the same time, the strategy can also China high seas provide a help.